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Game Lag White Paper › L4 Internet path

DNS failures and delays DNS failure / slowness

Cause ID isp-dns · Primary owner External (External) · Also Game team (Client development)

Open the interactive card with figures and simulations →

If DNS, which turns server names into addresses, is slow or fails, the game can’t find its login or patch servers.

Why ISP DNS outage or misconfiguration → Effect The login or patch server address can’t be resolved → On screen A long wait after pressing Connect, or no connection at all. Players already connected are fine

Symptoms
Can’t connect / infinite loading
Factors
Latency, Packet loss
Who’s affected
Specific region/ISP, Just me
When
Right after login or maintenance
Owner
Primary owner External (External) · Also Game team (Client development)
Game team action items
Cache addresses (remember the last server address that connected successfully), set up multiple DNS resolvers (query another one if one fails).
External action items
Tell players to try switching to another DNS resolver, such as a public DNS.
On the graph
Outliers only · Login failures (by ISP), DNS lookup time
Where to look
Query the login server name against the ISP’s DNS and a public DNS separately with Resolve-DnsName -Server (or nslookup), and compare response times and results
Confirmed if
Only the ISP’s DNS fails to respond or takes a long time, and switching to a public DNS connects right away. Players already connected are fine
Ruled out if
Every DNS returns the address right away but connecting still fails: points to the route, a firewall, or the server
Check with
The player’s own environment
Real incidents
Meta 2021: Facebook outage: one backbone command took DNS down with it
Cloudflare 2025: Cloudflare public DNS 1.1.1.1 outage
AWS 2025: AWS us-east-1 DynamoDB DNS outage and long recovery

Sources

  1. Cloudflare 1.1.1.1 Incident on July 14, 2025 Cloudflare
    When a public DNS resolver stopped for 62 minutes, users who could no longer resolve names effectively lost access to all internet services
  2. RFC 8767: Serving Stale Data to Improve DNS Resiliency IETF
    Riding out outages by continuing to use expired cache records when authoritative servers can’t be reached (serve-stale)
  3. Resolve-DnsName Microsoft
    Resolves a name against the DNS server specified with -Server
  4. nslookup Microsoft
    Command that queries a DNS server for a name directly

See also

Same layer: L4 Internet path

Same symptom (Can’t connect / infinite loading), other layers

View the interactive card with figures and simulations